What is a typhoon? 6 answers everyone should know

How are typhoons generated?

A typhoon is a tropical cyclone whose formation is closely related to specific climatic conditions on tropical oceans. The following is a comprehensive description of the formation of a typhoon:

1. warm ocean surface: The formation of typhoons originates from the warm water vapor on the surface of the tropical ocean. The direct sunlight makes the temperature of the sea water rise, forming a large area of warm water. These warm waters easily evaporate into water vapor, making the air over tropical oceans hot and humid.
2. Convective cloud formation: Warm water vapor rising from the ocean's surface cools and condenses to form clouds. These convective cloud clusters often gather into a large convective cloud system called a tropical disturbance.
3. formation of low pressure: Tropical disturbances continue to develop, and together with the Coriolis force of the earth's rotation, it begins to produce rotation. The air at the surrounding high pressure flows to the tropical depression, and as the water vapor continues to rise and condense, the low pressure system continues to strengthen.
4. Enhanced rotation: The low pressure system developed by tropical disturbance continues to strengthen, and at the same time, it is affected by the rotation of the earth to form a closed ring-shaped rotating structure, which is the initial stage of typhoon formation.
5. system enhancement: With the continuous supply of water vapor from seawater, the central air pressure of the typhoon system continues to decrease, and the wind speed gradually increases. When the wind speed reaches a certain level, the countries affected by the typhoon will divide it into typhoons of different levels according to the wind speed of the tropical cyclone.

What are the structures of typhoons?

The structure of a typhoon usually includes the following main parts:

1. Eye: The central part of a typhoon is an almost windless area known as the eye. Eyes are usually round or nearly round, generally ranging in diameter from 20 kilometers to 50 kilometers, and may sometimes be smaller or larger. The eye is the calmest part of a typhoon, usually with clear skies and very little or almost no wind.
2. Eye wall: Surrounding the eye of the storm is a ring-shaped highly active area called the eyewall. The eyewall is the most dangerous part of a typhoon, containing the strongest wind speeds and torrential rain.
3. Rainbands: In addition to the eye wall, a typhoon may also have multiple cloud and rain belts radiating outward from the eye wall. Cloud rain bands are those curved bands of convective cloud clusters that are densely covered with heavy rainfall and accompanied by strong winds.

How are hurricanes, typhoons, and tropical cyclones different?

The terms "hurricane," "typhoon," and "tropical cyclone" are actually different names used in different regions, but they all refer to tropical cyclonic storms. existwestern atlanticandeastern north pacificThe area is called a "Hurricane";western north pacificThe area is called a "Typhoon". while inindian oceanandsouth pacificarea, includingAustraliaParts of the area are known as "Tropical Cyclone".

How is typhoon intensity classified?

The intensity of a typhoon is usually classified according to the wind speed, and different countries may have slightly different classification methods. Take Taiwan's Central Meteorological Bureau of the Ministry of Communications as an example to compare the classification of the North Pacific region:

What kind of disaster will a typhoon bring?

There are many types of disasters caused by typhoons, the following are some possible disasters:

1. wind disaster: The typhoon wind speed can reach tens of kilometers to hundreds of kilometers per hour, which may cause buildings to collapse, trees to be uprooted, and billboards to be blown down.
2. rainstorms and floods: The typhoon brings a lot of rainfall, which will cause flash floods in mountainous areas and urban waterlogging.
3. seawater intrusion: When a typhoon lands, seawater intrusion is one of the most threatening disasters. The typhoon pushes seawater to the shore, creating huge waves and tides, causing severe flooding in coastal areas.
4. landslides and landslides: The heavy rain brought by the typhoon may cause landslides and landslides in mountainous and slope areas.
5. splash: Strong winds and heavy rain throw various objects and debris into the air in potentially deadly splashes.

The typhoon is coming, what should I do?

Preparing for a typhoon is essential to keep yourself and your family safe. Here are some preparations and precautions before a typhoon:

1. Grasp weather information: Pay close attention to the typhoon forecast and warnings issued by the local meteorological department, and understand the typhoon's moving direction and expected landfall time.
2. secure emergency supplies: Supply disruptions may occur during a typhoon, stock up on enough food, drinking water and first aid supplies to ensure there are enough supplies to last at least a few days.
3. clean up the yard: Remove debris in the yard, such as flower pots, furniture, barbecue pits, etc., to prevent them from being blown away when a typhoon comes.
4. Check house structure: Check the roof, windows, doors and other structures of the house to ensure that they are firm and stable, and do the necessary anti-typhoon work.
5. pruning trees: Trim branches and leaves of trees, especially near houses or power lines, to prevent danger from being blown down by the wind during a typhoon.
6. backup power: Prepare a backup power source, such as a generator or power bank, in case of a possible power outage during a typhoon.
7. emergency contact: Remember the emergency contact information of hospitals, fire stations, police stations, and family members for emergencies.
8. evacuation plan: If you live in a typhoon-affected area or mountainous area, please know the nearest evacuation center and safe place in advance.
9. Keep Important Documents Safe: Put passports, ID cards, insurance policies and other important documents in waterproof bags for safekeeping.
10. Anti typhoon supplies: Anti-typhoon supplies such as plastic sheets, sandbags, flashlights, etc., prepare some if possible, just in case.

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References

1. Taiwan Ministry of Communications Central Meteorological Bureau – Typhoon Hundred Questions

2. typhoon - Wikipedia

3. The pictures in the article are all from the CC0 free gallery.